#运行nova-attach 命令 nova volume-attach INSTANCE_ID VOLUME_ID auto #在虚机中操作 vm$ ls /dev/disk/by-id/virtio-15a9f901-ba9d-45e1-8vm$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/disk/by-id/virtio-15a9f901-ba9d-45e1-8vm$ mkdir -p /mnt/volumevm$ mount /dev/disk/by-id/virtio-15a9f901-ba9d-45e1-8 /mnt/volumevm$ echo "Hello OpenStack" > /mnt/volume/test.txt

#在虚机中操作 vm$ umount /mnt/volume #运行 Nova 命令$ nova volume-detach 
      
      
     

root@hkg02kvm004ccz023:~# nova help volume-attachusage: nova volume-attach 
      
      
        [
       ]Attach a volume to a server.Positional arguments:  
        
           Name or ID of server.  
         
            ID of the volume to attach.  
           Name of the device e.g. /dev/vdb. Use "auto" for autoassign (if supported). Libvirt driver will use default device name.
         
        
      
     

root@hkg02kvm004ccz023:~# nova volume-attach ap-uplthyfxulbx 8a309ad1-369c-483b-9a95-e4f330bb104e /dev/vdh+----------+--------------------------------------+| Property | Value                                |+----------+--------------------------------------+| device   | /dev/vdh                             |

[root@ap-4oe4-4rz25pvadal7-cs7nmsu4izfy-server-uplthyfxulbx rules.d]# fdisk -lDisk /dev/vda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes...Disk /dev/vdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes...Disk /dev/vdc: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes...Disk /dev/vdd: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes...

[root@ap-4oe4-4rz25pvadal7-cs7nmsu4izfy-server-uplthyfxulbx ibmcloud]# udevadm info -a -n /dev/vdb  looking at device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:07.0/virtio3/block/vdb':    KERNEL=="vdb"    SUBSYSTEM=="block"    DRIVER==""    ...  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:07.0/virtio3':    KERNELS=="virtio3"    SUBSYSTEMS=="virtio"    DRIVERS=="virtio_blk"    ...  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:07.0':    KERNELS=="0000:00:07.0"    SUBSYSTEMS=="pci"    DRIVERS=="virtio-pci"    ...  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00':    KERNELS=="pci0000:00"    SUBSYSTEMS==""    DRIVERS==""

def find_disk_dev_for_disk_bus(mapping, bus,                               last_device=False,                               assigned_devices=None):    """Identify a free disk dev name for a bus.       Determines the possible disk dev names for       the bus, and then checks them in order until       it identifies one that is not yet used in the       disk mapping. If 'last_device' is set, it will       only consider the last available disk dev name.       Returns the chosen disk_dev name, or raises an       exception if none is available.    """    dev_prefix = get_dev_prefix_for_disk_bus(bus)    if dev_prefix is None:        return None    if assigned_devices is None:        assigned_devices = []    max_dev = get_dev_count_for_disk_bus(bus)    if last_device:        devs = [max_dev - 1]    else:        devs = range(max_dev)    for idx in devs:        disk_dev = dev_prefix + chr(ord('a') + idx)        if not has_disk_dev(mapping, disk_dev):            if disk_dev not in assigned_devices:                return disk_dev

[ibmcloud@ap-4oe4-4rz25pvadal7-cs7nmsu4izfy-server-uplthyfxulbx ~]$ ls -l /dev/disktotal 0drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 100 Mar 27 07:16 by-iddrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 140 Mar 27 07:16 by-pathdrwxr-xr-x 2 root root  80 Mar 27 07:16 by-uuid

[ibmcloud@ap-4oe4-4rz25pvadal7-cs7nmsu4izfy-server-uplthyfxulbx ~]$ ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/total 0lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Mar 27 07:16 002f642d-f277-49fd-b5ff-47a652b63fe3 -> ../../vda1lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  9 Mar 27 07:16 1655a8ca-9627-4a81-acca-79fec66e1131 -> ../../vdb

[ibmcloud@ap-4oe4-4rz25pvadal7-cs7nmsu4izfy-server-uplthyfxulbx ~]$ ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/

root@hkg02kvm004ccz023:~#  cinder list | grep 6e5424e4-4e4c-4178-a| 6e5424e4-4e4c-4178-a4cc-e63698716e9b |      in-use     |                      sammyvol3                      |  2   |      None     |  false   | 9ca18b9e-aeef-44ff-81ba-87a59a0c8eec |

# virtio-blkKERNEL=="vd*[!0-9]", ATTRS{serial}=="?*", ENV{ID_SERIAL}="$attr{serial}", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/virtio-$env{ID_SERIAL}"KERNEL=="vd*[0-9]", ATTRS{serial}=="?*", ENV{ID_SERIAL}="$attr{serial}", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/virtio-$env{ID_SERIAL}-part%n"

[ibmcloud@ap-4oe4-4rz25pvadal7-cs7nmsu4izfy-server-uplthyfxulbx ~]$ ls -l /dev/disk/by-path/total 0lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  9 Mar 27 07:16 pci-0000:00:04.0-virtio-pci-virtio1 -> ../../vdalrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Mar 27 07:16 pci-0000:00:04.0-virtio-pci-virtio1-part1 -> ../../vda1lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  9 Mar 27 07:16 pci-0000:00:06.0-virtio-pci-virtio3 -> ../../vdblrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  9 Mar 27 07:16 pci-0000:00:07.0-virtio-pci-virtio4 -> ../../vdclrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  9 Mar 27 07:16 pci-0000:00:08.0-virtio-pci-virtio5 -> ../../vdd

# by-path (parent device path)ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", ENV{ID_PATH}=="", IMPORT{program}="path_id %p"ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", ENV{ID_PATH}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-path/$env{ID_PATH}"ENV{DEVTYPE}=="partition", ENV{ID_PATH}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-path/$env{ID_PATH}-part%n"

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